Bernadus, Janno B. B. and Pijoh, Victor D. and Tuda, Josef S. B.
(2011)
DETECTION DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID MALARIA IN URINE SAMPLES BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION TECHNIQUE.
In: 2nd International Conference & Workshop from Molecular to Clinical Aspects of HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis,& Malaria, 23-25 June 2011, Malang.
Abstract
Malaria is an infectious disease causing public health problems in many tropical and subtropical countries. In Indonesia there are many endemic areas with high malarial prevalence. The diagnosis of malaria can be done with clinical examination and parasite finding at microscopic examination of blood sample. Although microscopic examination is still used as a gold standard in malaria diagnosis, this technique is less sensitive in detecting low parasitemia. In addition, most people are reluctant in giving their blood samples. Therefore, alternative samples and methods in detecting malaria cases need to be developed for malaria elimination program in the future. A total of 58 individual living in malaria endemic areas, Bitung city, North Sulawesi, participated in urine collection. Blood sample of each participant was also taken for microscopic examination, thin and thick blood smear. The presence of malarial parasites, plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax, in the urine was detected by using PCR technique with ssu rRNA as the target. Forty two out of 58 samples were positive. Eighteen blood samples were positive for P. falciparum which matched with PCR result in the urine. The statistical analysis showed that the sensitivity was 94% sensitivity and the specificity was 94% as well. The positive samples for P. vivax is slightly high, 25 samples with 96% sensitivity and 94% specificity. This study showed that PCR method is able to detect the presence of malarial parasite in the urine with high sensitivity and specificity, which are above 90%.
Keywords : DNA detection, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, PCR, Urine
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