Mongdong, Yosua and Mangindaan, Glanny M. Ch and Silimang, Sartje
(2025)
Analisis Gross Power Kwh Meter Digital Dan Analog.
Fakultas Teknik Unsrat.
Abstract
Abstract — This research is based on the analysis of the accuracy of digital and analog kWh meters at Unit 3 of the Tanggari 2 Hydroelectric Power Plant (PLTA) in measuring gross power. Gross power measurement is crucial in the operation of hydroelectric power plants as it impacts system efficiency and energy management. In this study, a comparison was conducted between digital and analog kWh meters using direct measurement methods and percentage error analysis. The results show that digital kWh meters are more accurate than analog meters, with an average error percentage of 0.23% for off-peak loads and 0.11% - 0.16% during peak loads. The accumulated average error during off-peak and peak loads is 0.203%, which is still within the acceptable tolerance limits according to SNI and IEC 62053 standards. On the other hand, analog kWh meters showed errors ranging from 4.82% to 4.98% for off-peak loads and 4.2% to 4.34% during peak loads, with an average accumulated error of 4.34%, exceeding the tolerance limits set by SNI and IEC 62053 standards. The factors contributing to errors in digital kWh meters are generally due to impact or extreme weather; however, the digital meter used in this study was not affected by such factors. Meanwhile, the errors in analog kWh meters were influenced by factors such as voltage and current significantly below nominal operating levels, mechanical wear on internal components like gears and discs, or the overall age of the meter. The analog kWh meter used in this study was affected by these factors. Based on these results, the use of digital kWh meters is recommended over analog meters in PLTA operations to ensure greater accuracy in electric power measurement.
Keywords: Analog kWh meter; Digital kWh meter; Measurement accuracy; Percentage error.
Abstrak — Penelitian ini berlatar belakan untuk menganalisis akurasi kWh meter digital dan analog di Unit 3 PLTA Tanggari 2 dalam pengukuran daya bruto. Pengukuran daya bruto sangat penting dalam operasi PLTA karena berdampak pada efisiensi sistem dan manajemen energi listrik. Dalam studi ini, perbandingan dilakukan antara kWh meter digital dan analog dengan metode pengukuran langsung dan analisis persentase kesalahan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa meteran kWh digital lebih akurat dari pada meteran kWh analog dengan rata-rata persentase kesalahan sebesar 0,23% untuk beban di luar puncak dan 0,11% - 0,16% selama beban puncak, akumulasi rata-rata errornya saat beban luar puncak dan beban puncak sebesar 0,203% yang masih dalam batas toleransi yang dapat diterima sesuai standar SNI dan IEC 62053. Di sisi lain, meteran kWh analog menunjukkan kesalahan 4,82%-4,98% untuk beban di luar puncak dan 4,2%-4,34% selama beban puncak, akumulasi rata-rata errornya saat beban luar puncak dan beban puncak sebesar 4,34%, yang melebihi batas toleransi standar yang dipakai SNI dan IEC 62053. Faktor penyebab terjadinya error untuk kWh digital di karena kan benturan maupun cuaca ekstrim tetapi kWh digital yang dipakai dalam penelitian kali ini tidak terkena faktor tersebut, selanjutnya faktor penyebab terjadinya error untuk kWh analog adalah seperti tegangan dan arus yang jauh di bawah nominal operasi atau bisa dikatakan rendah, tingkat keausan mekanis pada komponen internal seperti roda gigi dan piringan atau berbicara soal umur dari kWh meter tersebut dan kWh yang dipakai dalam penelitian kali ini memenuhi faktor tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, penggunaan meteran kWh digital disarankan dibandingkan dengan kWh analognya dalam operasi PLTA untuk memastikan akurasi yang lebih besar dalam pengukuran daya listrik.
Kata kunci: Akurasi pengukuran; kWh meter digital; kWh meter analog; Persentase error.
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