Mangangka, Isri R.
(2013)
Understanding the Hydrologic and Hydraulic Factors which
Influence the Treatment Performance of Bioretention Basin.
In: The Second lnternational Conference on Sustainable lnfrastructure and Built Environment, 19-20 November 2013, Bandung.
Abstract
Bioretention basins are a common stormwater structural treatment
measure used to remove stormwater pollutants. They perform as pollutant removal
devices using filtration as the main mechanism, supported by evapotranspiration,
adsorption and biotransformation. The effectiveness of bioretention basin on
removing stormwater pollutants are influenced by factors such as hydrologic,
hydraulic phsyco-chemical and biological factors. This paper presents outcomes
from an in-depth study undertaken to define treatment characteristics of a
bioretention basin highlighting the influence of hydrologic and hydraulic factors.
The study included a comprehensive field monitoring of a well-established
bioretention basin, development of a hydraulic conceptual model to simulate water
infiltration process within the system and state-of-the-art multivariate analysis of
stormwater quantity and quality data to understand correlations and define linkages
between treatment performance and influential hydrologic and hydraulic factors.
Samples collected at the inlet and outlet was tested for Total Suspended Solid (TSS),
nitrogen species i.e. Total Nitrogen (TN), Nitrite (NO2), Nitrate (NO3), Ammonium
(NH4) and phosphorus species i.e. Phosphate (PO4) and Total Phosphorus (TP). The
analysis results revealed that only TSS concentration was consistently reduced while
the concentration of other pollutants was reduced for some rainfall events but
increased for the others. While the antecedent dry period (AD) affects the
concentration reduction of all pollutants, the other factors such as rainfall depth
(RD), outflow peak (OP), contributed wetted area (CA) and volume of treated
stormwater (VT) showed no correlation with any pollutant concentration reduction.
Analysis results showed that AD reduces the concentration of NO2 and NH4 but
increases the concentration of NO3 and TN indicating that nitrification possibly
occurs in the bioretention basin. The results also showed that the superior pollutant
load reduction was in medium and low depth of rainfall events due to high fraction
of runoff retain within the system.
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